Fish Eaters: The Whys and Hows of Traditional Catholicism


``Where the Bishop is, there let the multitude of believers be;
even as where Jesus is, there is the Catholic Church'' Ignatius of Antioch, 1st c. A.D



Feast of St. Gertrude the Great





Pretty much the only thing known about St. Gertrude's origins is that she was born on the Feast of the Epiphany -- January 6, 1256 -- in Saxony, now a state in the eastern side of Germany. She was likely orphaned, because at the age of four or five, she was given over to be cared for by the monastery school at Helfta, now a district of the city of Eisleben.

Little Gertrude couldn't have been in better hands: the Abbess of Helfta was the very holy Gertrude of Hackeborn, and her sister, St. Mechtilde of Hackeborn -- also a nun there -- took special care of the girl.

Helfta was a very special place -- the crown of German monasteries, a convent that focused on solid education in the liberal arts and Sacred Scripture and which lived under the Rule of St. Benedict, but with Cistercian reforms.


The seal of the convent at Helfta, depicting the Annunciation. Click to enlarge.



The intellectually gifted Gertrude thrived in this bookish environment. But in January of her twenty-sixth year, she had a vision that led her to see "the utter emptiness of all transitory things," as the Catholic Encyclopedia puts it. It was the first of many visions, and she'd record them in a book called "Herald of Divine Love," which is written as if she is recalling her experiences while talking to Christ Himself -- for example,

I was in the twenty-sixth year of my age when, on the Monday before the Feast of the Purification of Thy most chaste Mother, in a happy hour, after Compline, at the close of day, Thou the true Light, Who art clearer than any light, and yet deeper than any recess, having resolved to dissipate the obscurity of my darkness, didst sweetly and gently commence my conversion by appeasing the trouble which Thou hadst excited in my soul for more than a month, which Thou didst deign to use, as I believe, to destroy the fortress of vain-glory and curiosity which my pride had raised up within me, although I bore the name and habit of a religious to no purpose; but Thou didst will to use this means, that Thou mightest thereby show me Thy salvation.

These writings are very nuptial in nature and reflect that the entire focus of her life changed from the temporal to the eternal. Her attention to God paid off. One winter, while sitting in the refectory, she was rewarded with invisible stigmata after meditating on this prayer about the Five Wounds of Christ:

O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of the living God, grant that I may aspire towards Thee with my whole heart, with full desire and with thirsty soul, seeking only Thy sweetness and Thy delights, so that my whole mind and all that is within me may most ardently sigh to Thee, who art our true Beatitude. O most merciful Lord, engrave Thy Wounds upon my heart with Thy most precious Blood, that I may read in them both Thy grief and Thy love ; and that the memory of Thy Wounds may ever remain in my inmost heart, to excite my compassion for Thy sufferings and to increase in me Thy love. Grant me also to despise all creatures, and that my heart may delight in Thee alone. Amen.

She wrote,

I thought attentively on these things, when I perceived that the grace which I had so long asked by the aforesaid prayer was granted to me, unworthy though I am; for I perceived in spirit that Thou hadst imprinted in the depth of my heart the adorable marks of Thy sacred Wounds, even as they are on Thy Body; that Thou hadst cured my soul, in imprinting these Wounds on it; and that, to satisfy its thirst,Thou hadst given it the precious beverage of Thy love.

One of her more important visions came on the Feast of St. John the Evangelist, when John appeared to her:

He was clothed in a gold-coloured habit, covered with golden eagles; which signified that, though this Saint was elevated to the highest contemplation, even while in the body, he always sought to humble himself by the consideration of his own unworthiness. As Gertrude began to consider these ornaments, she perceived a red light shining from under the golden eagles; from which she learned that St. John always commenced his contemplation by the remembrance of the Passion of the Lord, which he had beheld with his own eyes, and which he had never ceased to mourn in his inmost heart; and thus by degrees he flew to the sublimity of the Divine Majesty, which he contemplated without pain by the eyes of his soul, as far as it is possible for man to do. He had also two golden lilies on his two shoulders on the right was written, in marvellous characters, the words of the Gospel Discipulus quem diligebat Jesus [the disciple whom Jesus loved]; and on the left, Iste custos Virginis [guardian of the Virgin]; to mark the singular advantage which he enjoyed of being called, and of being the disciple whom Jesus loved above the rest of His Apostles, and of having been found worthy by Christ Himself to receive from Him the charge of His Mother before He expired, on account of his surpassing purity.

The Apostle had a magnificent rational on his breast, to indicate his prerogative of having reposed on the bosom of Jesus during the last Supper. The words, In principio erat verbum [In the beginning was the Word], were written on it in letters of living gold, to show the marvellous virtue of the words contained in his Gospel.

John said to her,

"Come," he replied, "come with me, thou elect one of my Lord, and let us repose together on the sweetest bosom of the Lord, in which all the treasures of beatitude lie hidden." Then, taking her up in spirit, he presented her to our loving Saviour; and having placed her on His right, he placed himself on the left, and reposed there. Then he exclaimed, pointing reverently to the bosom of Jesus: "Behold, this is the Saint of saints, who draws to Himself all that is good in heaven and on earth."

After listening to and feeling the beating of Christ's heart, she asked John if he'd felt those pulsations when he rested his head on Christ's chest at the Last Supper. When John told her he had, she asked him why he didn't write of it. Interestingly, he told her,

Because I was charged with instructing the newly formed Church concerning the mysteries of the uncreated Word, that those truths might be transmitted to future ages, as far as they would be capable of comprehending them, for no one can comprehend them entirely; and I deferred speaking of these Divine pulsations until later ages, that the world might be aroused from its torpor, and animated, when it had grown cold, by hearing of these things.

It seems the devotion to the Sacred Heart is a devotion meant for our time!

Her visions and insights were often very tied to the liturgical calendar, leading to her teaching about such things as how to prepare for the Feast of the Nativity, describing exercises to perform for the Feast of Our Lady's Nativity, praying for the Poor Souls in Purgatory -- to whom she had a great devotion -- on Rogation Days, etc.

She also had the gifts of prophecy (e.g., she predicted the coronation and untimely death of Adolf , the Count of Nassau and King of the Romans) and of miracles. The miracles attributed to her, by God's power, are not raising the dead, levitation, and the like, but more mundane things, such as these, as written about in "The Herald of Divine Love":
  • "The Saint once obtained the cessation of a frost, which was so severe, that had it continued longer the fruits of the earth would have been utterly destroyed."

  • "Once also, when long and heavy rain threatened to destroy the harvest, all the sisters were constantly offering prayers and penances to avert the calamity. Gertrude at last, with the holy confidence of extraordinary sanctity, declared that she would not cease praying until she obtained fine weather. Immediately the sky became serene and fair, though a few moments before dark and heavy clouds had threatened a long continuance of rain."

  • "'One evening, after supper,' says her biographer, 'when the community went into the court to finish some work, the sun, which was still above the horizon, was suddenlycovered with clouds, which threatened to fall in heavy rain. Gertrude sighed deeply, and I myself heard her, speaking thus to God: 'O Lord my God, Creator of the universe, I do not pretend to constrain You to obey my sinful will; on the contrary, if Your infinite mercy wills not tooppose the degrees of Your justice, and prevent this rain, except for my sake, I would rather that Your will, whichI adore, should be accomplished, and that it should rain, if You have willed it thus.'

    "She said these things with a perfect resignation to the will of God, having her mind occupied solely with the consideration of Divine Providence, whose orders she desired to see executed. But, behold a marvel! she had scarcely finished these words, when a clap of thunder was heard, and large drops of rain began to fall rapidly. She, quite overcome, and touched with compassion for the sisters, exclaimed again, 'Have pity on us, O God of clemency, at least for a brief space, until we have finished the work which we have been commanded to do.'

    "God, to show that He refused nothing to her prayers, caused the rain to cease until all was finished." The community then returned to their enclosure; but they had scarcely reached the door, when there came on so violent a storm of thunder, lightning, and rain, that those who remained in the court were perfectly deluged with it. "It is thus," continues the chronicler, "that God obeys the prayers of His elect, who have entirely renounced their own desires for love of Him."

  • And my favorite: her literally finding a needle in a haystack: "Thus it is related of Gertrude, that even when she had lost a needle with which she had been working, and had sought it for some time in tbe straw where it had fallen, she turned to her Lord, for whose glory it had been used, and asked Him to help her in her search; even as she spoke, she put her hand once more into the straw, and found instantly what she had so long looked for in vain."
By the time Getrude was in her mid-40s, the Abbess Gertrude had died, Mechtilde had died, and then it came time for her to go to her reward as well. She was ill for a good while, even losing the capacity for speech during her final months except for her ability to say "my spirit." When she died, the sisters in the room heard Christ say, "Behold, now, you are to be united to Me, and to become My own for ever, by the sweet embrace which I will give to your soul, and in which I will present you to My eternal Father by the close embrace of My Heart."

Sadly, we have none of her relics: Helfta Monastery was destroyed twice -- in the 14th and 16th centuries. Then, in the 20th century, Saxony became a part of Communist East Germany. After the reunification of Germay, though, Cistercian nuns re-established the Helfta monastery, so the spirit of the place lives on.

Getrude the Great, St. Mechtilde of Hackeborn (the source of the Three Hail Marys devotion), and another contemporary Mechtilde -- Mechtilde of Magdeburg -- are known as "the Three Mystics of Helfta" and all came to play a great role in the honoring of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a devotion further developed by a Visitation nun -- St. Margaret Mary Alacoque -- at Paray-le-Monial Convent, Paris in the 17th century. Gertrude, through her writings, would also become a great influence on St. Teresa of Avila and St. Francis de Sales, among others.

The traditional date for the Feast of St. Gertrude is November 15, but it's celebrated on November 16 per the Novus Ordo calendar.



Customs

First, some prayers for this day. There is the Litany of St. Gertrude the Great, the Chaplet of St. Gertrude the Great, and there is this briefer prayer:

O Gertrurde, shrine of Divinity, united to the Spouse of virgins; grant us to celebrate the chaste love of thy espousals.

Scarcely hadst thou completed thy fourth year when thou wast espoused to Christ, and didst flee to the shelter of the cloister. Thou didst put from thee the breast of thy nurse and seek the divine kiss of thy Spouse.

Like a fair spotless lily thou does give forth a perfume which gladdens heaven; and the splendor of thy virgin beauty draweth to thee the King of Saints.

He who dwelleth in the bosom of the Father, surrounded with everlasting glory, deigns to take His repose in thy love.

Thou woundest Jesus with love; and He woundeth thee in return, and deeply graveth on thy heart the marks of His sacred Passion.

O peerless love, O wondrous interchange; He it is who breatheth in thy heart, and thy life hangeth on the breath of His mouth.

Let the blessed choirs of virgins sing thy praise, O Jesus, Spouse of virgins; and equal glory be ascribed to Father and to Paraclete. Amen.

Antiphon: O most worthy spouse of Christ, on whom the prophetic light hath shone, whose heart an apostolic zeal inflamed, whose head the wreath of virgins crowned, whom the glowing fire of divine love consumed.

Prayer: O God, Who has prepared for Thyself a dwelling-place of delights in the most pure heart of the blessed virgin Gertrude; deign, we beseech Thee, through her merits and intercession, to wipe away all stains from our hearts, that they may become meet abodes of Thy divine majesty. Through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.

It is a good day to consider emulating St. Gertrude by increasing your devotions to the Sacred Heart and to the Poor Souls in Purgatory:
  • Devotions to the Sacred Heart might include making Holy Hour on Thursdays; praying the Chaplet of the Sacred Heart; making First Fridays; and enthroning your home to the Sacred Heart, the latter two of which you can learn all about on the Sacred Heart page.

  • Devotions to the Poor Souls might include praying the Chaplet of the Dead; praying Litanies for the Dead; visiting cemeteries to pray for those in Purgatory, especially on All Souls Day; gaining indulgences for the dead; "offering it up" for the dead; fasting for the dead; offering Masses for the dead; or simply praying for the dead in your nightly prayers and/or by making a habit of praying the Prayer for After Meals when you are done eating. And please adopt the Catholic practice of praying the Eternal Rest prayer whenever you pass by a cemetery! And there is, too, the famous Prayer of St. Gertrude the Great:

    Eternal Father, I offer Thee the Most Precious Blood of Thy Divine Son, Jesus, in union with the masses said throughout the world today, for all the holy souls in purgatory, for sinners everywhere, for sinners in the universal church, those in my own home and within my family. Amen.
Another devotion one might wish to adopt is the praying of a Pater every day in honor of St. John the Evangelist. Christ told St. Gertrude during one of her visions of St. John, "If any person says a Pater noster daily in honour of this Apostle, reminding him of the sweet fidelity with which his heart was filled when I taught this prayer, he will not fail to obtain for whoever prays thus the grace of persevering faithfully in virtue, even to the end of his life."

There is no special music tradition that I know of for the day, alas, aside from the Benedictine hymn from their  Antiphonale Monasticum, Gertrudis, arca Numinis, which is sung at vespers on her feast:



Gertrúdis, arca Núminis,
Sponsóque juncta Vírginum,
Da nuptiális pángere
Castos amóres fœ´deris.

Quadríma Christo núbilis
In claustra prompte cónvolas;
Spretóque nutrícis sinu,
Sponsi requíris óscula.

Candéntis instar lílii
Odóre mulces sídera,
Et virginali caelitum
Regem decóre pértrahis.

Qui vivit in sinu Patris
Cinctus perénni glória,
Amánter, ut sponsus, tua
Recúmbit inter úbera.

Amóre Christum vúlneras;
Hic te vicíssim vúlnerat,
Tuóque cordi própria
Inúrit alte stígmata.

O singuláris cáritas,
Et mira commutátio!
Hic corde respírat tuo:
Tu vivis hujus spíritu.

Te, sponse Jesu vírginum,
Beáta laudent ágmina:
Patri, simul Paráclito,
Par sit per ævum glória. Amen.
  
Gertrudis, ark of God,
From the virgins to the Husband united,
We sing to chaste love,
The preferred alliance.

Wife of Christ, at four years old,
You enter the cloister;
Left the breast of the nurse,
From the Husband the kiss you seek.

Like the lily in perfume,
From the stars of the rival sky,
Attract the king who governs them,
Your virginal song!

Who lives in the bosom of the Father,
Flooded with eternal glory,
Comes to recline on your chest,
For your fascinated love.

You hurt the Christ of love.
Love hurts you too;
The stigma already comes from your heart
In your record of yourself.

Oh singular charity,
What a strange exchange ensued:
Through your heart you breathe
And you live for yours!

You, Jesus, Bridegroom of virgins,
Let the hosts of the blessed praise:
Equal glory be to the Father
And to the Paraclete for everlasting ages. Amen.

There are no food traditions that I'm aware of either (though what's offered on the Feast of the Sacred Heart page may give you ideas), but given St. Gertrude's devotion to the Poor Souls, the Italian dish "Eggs in Purgatory" comes to mind as a fun dish for the day. The eggs are said to represent the Poor Souls, and the red sauce stands for the cleansing fires of purgation.

Uova in Purgatorio (Eggs in Purgatory)

3 TBSP extra virgin olive oil
1 red bell pepper, coarsely chopped
1 small yellow onion, chopped
1 garlic clove, lightly crushed
Pinch red pepper flakes
1 (28 ounce) can chopped or whole tomatoes
Salt and pepper
4 large eggs
7 fresh basil leaves, torn
4 TBSP freshly grated Parmigiano-Reggiano or Pecorino

Heat the oil in a skillet (one you have a lid for) over medium-low heat, add the bell pepper, and saute 3 minutes or so. Add the onion lightly and saute 9 minutes or so, til tender. Add the crushed garlic clove and heat until fragrant (don't let it brown). Remove the garlic.

Add the tomatoes and mash (you can puree them and the rest of the vegetables if you prefer a smoother passata-style sauce). Add the pepper flakes. Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce the heat: the sauce should simmer, not boil, for 15-18 minutes. Stir occasionally, all the way to the bottom, as it cooks! It's ready when the spoon's trail slowly closes and the sauce is thick enough to hold the weight of an egg. Season with salt and pepper.

Reduce the heat to low. Using the back of a spoon, make four wells in the sauce, just deep enough to hold an egg in place, without exposing the bottom of the pan. Crack an egg into each well so their yolks stays whole. 

Cover and cook over low heat, without stirring, for 4 to 8 minutes, depending on how well done you want the eggs. Top with basil and grated cheese. Serve with slices of chewy bread that've been crisped up in hot olive oil.

However you celebrate St. Gertrude's feast at home, your children might enjoy these coloring pages: St. Gertrude the Great Coloring Pages (pdf) and Sacred Heart Coloring Pages (pdf).

Learn more about and from St. Gertrude the Great by reading these books -- all in pdf format -- from this site's Catholic Library:


Readings

General Audience of Pope Benedict XVI
Wednesday, 6 October 2010

Dear Brothers and Sisters,

St Gertrude the Great, of whom I would like to talk to you today, brings us once again this week to the Monastery of Helfta, where several of the Latin-German masterpieces of religious literature were written by women. Gertrude belonged to this world. She is one of the most famous mystics, the only German woman to be called "Great", because of her cultural and evangelical stature: her life and her thought had a unique impact on Christian spirituality. She was an exceptional woman, endowed with special natural talents and extraordinary gifts of grace, the most profound humility and ardent zeal for her neighbour's salvation. She was in close communion with God both in contemplation and in her readiness to go to the help of those in need.

At Helfta, she measured herself systematically, so to speak, with her teacher, Matilda of Hackeborn, of whom I spoke at last Wednesday's Audience. Gertrude came into contact with Matilda of Magdeburg, another medieval mystic and grew up under the wing of Abbess Gertrude, motherly, gentle and demanding. From these three sisters she drew precious experience and wisdom; she worked them into a synthesis of her own, continuing on her religious journey with boundless trust in the Lord. Gertrude expressed the riches of her spirituality not only in her monastic world, but also and above all in the biblical, liturgical, Patristic and Benedictine contexts, with a highly personal hallmark and great skill in communicating.

Gertrude was born on 6 January 1256, on the Feast of the Epiphany, but nothing is known of her parents nor of the place of her birth. Gertrude wrote that the Lord himself revealed to her the meaning of this first uprooting: "I have chosen you for my abode because I am pleased that all that is lovable in you is my work.... For this very reason I have distanced you from all your relatives, so that no one may love you for reasons of kinship and that I may be the sole cause of the affection you receive" (The Revelations, I, 16, Siena 1994, pp. 76-77).

When she was five years old, in 1261, she entered the monastery for formation and education, a common practice in that period. Here she spent her whole life, the most important stages of which she herself points out. In her memoirs she recalls that the Lord equipped her in advance with forbearing patience and infinite mercy, forgetting the years of her childhood, adolescence and youth, which she spent, she wrote, "in such mental blindness that I would have been capable... of thinking, saying or doing without remorse everything I liked and wherever I could, had you not armed me in advance, with an inherent horror of evil and a natural inclination for good and with the external vigilance of others. "I would have behaved like a pagan... in spite of desiring you since childhood, that is since my fifth year of age, when I went to live in the Benedictine shrine of religion to be educated among your most devout friends" (ibid., II, 23, p. 140f.).

Gertrude was an extraordinary student, she learned everything that can be learned of the sciences of the trivium and quadrivium, the education of that time; she was fascinated by knowledge and threw herself into profane studies with zeal and tenacity, achieving scholastic successes beyond every expectation. If we know nothing of her origins, she herself tells us about her youthful passions: literature, music and song and the art of miniature painting captivated her. She had a strong, determined, ready and impulsive temperament. She often says that she was negligent; she recognizes her shortcomings and humbly asks forgiveness for them. She also humbly asks for advice and prayers for her conversion. Some features of her temperament and faults were to accompany her to the end of her life, so as to amaze certain people who wondered why the Lord had favoured her with such a special love.

From being a student she moved on to dedicate herself totally to God in monastic life, and for 20 years nothing exceptional occurred: study and prayer were her main activities. Because of her gifts she shone out among the sisters; she was tenacious in consolidating her culture in various fields.

Nevertheless during Advent of 1280 she began to feel disgusted with all this and realized the vanity of it all. On 27 January 1281, a few days before the Feast of the Purification of the Virgin, towards the hour of Compline in the evening, the Lord with his illumination dispelled her deep anxiety. With gentle sweetness he calmed the distress that anguished her, a torment that Gertrude saw even as a gift of God, "to pull down that tower of vanity and curiosity which, although I had both the name and habit of a nun alas I had continued to build with my pride, so that at least in this manner I might find the way for you to show me your salvation" (ibid., II, p. 87). She had a vision of a young man who, in order to guide her through the tangle of thorns that surrounded her soul, took her by the hand. In that hand Gertrude recognized "the precious traces of the wounds that abrogated all the acts of accusation of our enemies" (ibid., II, 1, p. 89), and thus recognized the One who saved us with his Blood on the Cross: Jesus.

From that moment her life of intimate communion with the Lord was intensified, especially in the most important liturgical seasons Advent-Christmas, Lent-Easter, the feasts of Our Lady even when illness prevented her from going to the choir. This was the same liturgical humus as that of Matilda, her teacher; but Gertrude describes it with simpler, more linear images, symbols and terms that are more realistic and her references to the Bible, to the Fathers and to the Benedictine world are more direct.

Her biographer points out two directions of what we might describe as her own particular "conversion": in study, with the radical passage from profane, humanistic studies to the study of theology, and in monastic observance, with the passage from a life that she describes as negligent, to the life of intense, mystical prayer, with exceptional missionary zeal. The Lord who had chosen her from her mother's womb and who since her childhood had made her partake of the banquet of monastic life, called her again with his grace "from external things to inner life and from earthly occupations to love for spiritual things". Gertrude understood that she was remote from him, in the region of unlikeness, as she said with Augustine; that she had dedicated herself with excessive greed to liberal studies, to human wisdom, overlooking spiritual knowledge, depriving herself of the taste for true wisdom; she was then led to the mountain of contemplation where she cast off her former self to be reclothed in the new. "From a grammarian she became a theologian, with the unflagging and attentive reading of all the sacred books that she could lay her hands on or contrive to obtain. She filled her heart with the most useful and sweet sayings of Sacred Scripture. Thus she was always ready with some inspired and edifying word to satisfy those who came to consult her while having at her fingertips the most suitable scriptural texts to refute any erroneous opinion and silence her opponents" (ibid., I, 1, p. 25).

Gertrude transformed all this into an apostolate: she devoted herself to writing and popularizing the truth of faith with clarity and simplicity, with grace and persuasion, serving the Church faithfully and lovingly so as to be helpful to and appreciated by theologians and devout people.

Little of her intense activity has come down to us, partly because of the events that led to the destruction of the Monastery of Helfta. In addition to The Herald of Divine Love and The Revelations, we still have her Spiritual Exercises, a rare jewel of mystical spiritual literature.

In religious observance our Saint was "a firm pillar... a very powerful champion of justice and truth" (ibid., I, 1, p. 26), her biographer says. By her words and example she kindled great fervour in other people. She added to the prayers and penances of the monastic rule others with such devotion and such trusting abandonment in God that she inspired in those who met her an awareness of being in the Lord's presence. In fact, God made her understand that he had called her to be an instrument of his grace. Gertrude herself felt unworthy of this immense divine treasure, and confesses that she had not safeguarded it or made enough of it. She exclaimed: "Alas! If you had given me to remember you, unworthy as I am, by even only a straw, I would have viewed it with greater respect and reverence that I have had for all your gifts!" (ibid., II, 5, p. 100). Yet, in recognizing her poverty and worthlessness she adhered to God's will, "because", she said, "I have so little profited from your graces that I cannot resolve to believe that they were lavished upon me solely for my own use, since no one can thwart your eternal wisdom. Therefore, O Giver of every good thing who has freely lavished upon me gifts so undeserved, in order that, in reading this, the heart of at least one of your friends may be moved at the thought that zeal for souls has induced you to leave such a priceless gem for so long in the abominable mud of my heart" (ibid., II, 5, p. 100f.).

Two favours in particular were dearer to her than any other, as Gertrude herself writes: "The stigmata of your salvation-bearing wounds which you impressed upon me, as it were, like a valuable necklaces, in my heart, and the profound and salutary wound of love with which you marked it.

"You flooded me with your gifts, of such beatitude that even were I to live for 1,000 years with no consolation neither interior nor exterior the memory of them would suffice to comfort me, to enlighten me, to fill me with gratitude. Further, you wished to introduce me into the inestimable intimacy of your friendship by opening to me in various ways that most noble sacrarium of your Divine Being which is your Divine Heart.... To this accumulation of benefits you added that of giving me as Advocate the Most Holy Virgin Mary, your Mother, and often recommended me to her affection, just as the most faithful of bridegrooms would recommend his beloved bride to his own mother" (ibid., II, 23, p. 145).

Looking forward to never-ending communion, she ended her earthly life on 17 November 1301 or 1302, at the age of about 46. In the seventh Exercise, that of preparation for death, St Gertrude wrote: "O Jesus, you who are immensely dear to me, be with me always, so that my heart may stay with you and that your love may endure with me with no possibility of division; and bless my passing, so that my spirit, freed from the bonds of the flesh, may immediately find rest in you. Amen" (Spiritual Exercises, Milan 2006, p. 148).

It seems obvious to me that these are not only things of the past, of history; rather St Gertrude's life lives on as a lesson of Christian life, of an upright path, and shows us that the heart of a happy life, of a true life, is friendship with the Lord Jesus. And this friendship is learned in love for Sacred Scripture, in love for the Liturgy, in profound faith, in love for Mary, so as to be ever more truly acquainted with God himself and hence with true happiness, which is the goal of our life. Many thanks.




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